ABSTRACT
Herbaspirillum frisingense strain ureolyticus VT-16-41 is a clinical cystitis isolate. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the uropathogenic H. frisingense strain ureolyticus VT-16-41, which contains various antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors that enable it to colonize and persist in the urinary tract.
GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are considered among the most common bacterial diseases and are predominantly caused by members of the Enterobacteriaceae family (1). Herbaspirillum spp.—Gram-negative, motile bacteria belonging to the Oxalobacteraceae family—have only recently been considered potentially pathogenic and are now implicated in a number of human pathologies, such as cellulitis and bacteremia. These bacteria have been isolated from the respiratory tract, urine, eye, and ear samples (2–4). In contrast, Herbaspirillum frisingense has never been described as a human UTI pathogen (5). Using a developed workflow, combining microbiological and genetic processes, we have, for the first time, isolated H. frisingense from the bladder of a human patient with a UTI (6). The 16S rRNA gene of the isolate was sequenced and found to possess 99% identity with that of H. frisingense.
The whole genome was sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing technology (Illumina GA IIx, Illumina, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s protocol. A draft genome was assembled using SPAdes version 3.5.0 with 143-fold average coverage (7). The assembled 283 contigs totaled 5,837,613 bp, and the G+C content was 62.0%. The assembled sequences were annotated using the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline and the Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (RAST) server (8, 9). The genome comprises 5,204 coding sequences, 56 tRNAs, 6 rRNAs, and 4 ncRNAs. An in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) analysis, using the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator (GGDC2.1) algorithm, produced a DDH value of 83.20%, which indicates that H. frisingense strain ureolyticus VT-16-41 is a new strain belonging to the species H. frisingense (5).
A genome analysis revealed the presence of numerous virulence factors that clearly contribute to the bacterium’s virulence in UTIs: hemolysin D; urease subunits alpha, beta, and gamma; type IV pilin; adhesins (sigma-fimbriae tip adhesion); and flagellar proteins (10). In addition, the genome was found to contain iron-acquisition systems that are known to be an important characteristic of uropathogenic bacteria, because the availability of iron is extremely restricted in the urinary tract: TonB-dependent siderophore receptor, ferroxidase, iron-sulfur cluster-binding protein, ferric iron ABC transporter, and iron-uptake factor PiuB (11). The genome analysis also identified antimicrobial resistance genes encoding resistance to metals (CopD, ArsH), bleomycin, RND, ABC, MFS, and MATE family efflux transporters. Further research of H. frisingense strain ureolyticus VT-16-41 will result in a better understanding of its implication in UTIs.
Accession number(s).This complete genome sequence has been deposited in NCBI/GenBank under the accession number MUXB00000000 .
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank the NYUMC Genome Technology Center for expert library prep and sequencing. This shared resource is partially supported by a Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA016087) at the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center.
We thank the Applied Bioinformatics Center (BFX) at the NYU School of Medicine for providing bioinformatics support and helping with the analysis and interpretation of the data. This work has used computing resources at the High Performance Computing Facility (HPCF) of the Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics at the NYU Langone Medical Center.
FOOTNOTES
- Received 7 March 2017.
- Accepted 9 March 2017.
- Published 27 April 2017.
- Copyright © 2017 Tetz and Tetz.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license .
